透明导电玻璃(ITO)基材自加热传感静态芯片聚合酶链反应(PCR)

利用商品化ITO玻璃导电层的温阻效应, 无需任何微加工手段, 实现了自加热和传感的芯片温度自动程序控制, 最大程度地减小了传感滞后对温度控制稳定性的影响, 温度控制的稳定性达到了0.2 ℃, 升温速度最快可达20 ℃/s以上, 在冷却风扇辅助下降温速度最快达到了8 ℃/s. 芯片温控单元的引线从传统的两对(一对用于传感, 一对用于加热)减少为一对. 通过在该芯片上直接构建多个开放微池反应器的方法成功地实现了λDNA 157 bp片段的并行扩增. 将该芯片置于倒置荧光显微镜样品台上, 以蓝色(575 nm)发光二极管为光源, 以光电倍增管为检测手段检测了dsDNA和SYBR Green Ⅰ嵌合物的荧光强度随温度的实时变化曲线.     

基于核酸探针的光学传感方法和细胞成像研究

许多疾病的特征在于各种生物分子表现出的异常活性,这些物质通常在细胞内外显示过表达现象,因此对其灵敏靶向识别可以提供诊断和治疗效用。由于基因诊疗和化学传感技术的发展,用于灵敏检测细胞内外生物化学物质的核酸探针突显优势。核酸探针可以在稳定进入细胞的同时,特异性地结合目标物质,通过光学方法检测或通过成像技术标识出来。本文综述了采用光学传感方法和成像技术,基于核酸探针检测生物分子的新进展。根据检测对象进行分类,概括分析了几个代表性体系:核酸序列、蛋白质和酶、化学物质和物理化学条件,并详细阐述其关键设计原理、灵敏度及样品检测等结果,同时指出了各类核酸探针的优缺点。     

PVA固定化脲酶电极的制作及电极特性的研究

利用PVA低温下的物理交联固定酶,制成酶电极并在不同尿素浓度、pH值、温度等条件下进一步研究这种酶电极的响应特性.     

光学分析方法在DNA检测中的应用

介绍了用于DNA检测的各种光学分析方法及其原理,主要包括荧光法、化学发光法、光纤传感法、比色法、表面等离子共振法以及其他光学衍生方法。     

Remote substituent effect favoring the formation of syn-adducts in the chelation controlled radical reactions of γ-benzyloxy-α-methylenecarboxylic acid esters

The chelation controlled radical reactions of ethyl γ-benzyloxy-α-methylenecarboxylates bearing a bulky γ-substituent, such as CHMe₂, CHPh₂, c-C₆H₁₁ and CH(Ph)OTBDMS, with alkyl iodides gave the syn-adducts with high diastereoselectivities. However, the diastereoselectivity for the substrates bearing a γ-substituent CH(i-Pr)OTBDMS depended critically on the configuration of the substituent; the substrate bearing the OTBDMS group anti to the γ-benzyloxy group showed poor diastereoselectivity, but its diastereomer gave syn-adduct exclusively. The high syn-selectivitiy is referred to the H-atom transfer to the outside face of radical center in the sharply folded seven-membered chelate intermediate bearing the ethoxy group with Z-geometry. The corner flapping of the radical center atom of the global minimum energy conformer generates a local minimum conformer and the H-atom transfer to the outside face of the radical center of the newly formed structure gives the anti-adduct. The poor diastereoselectivity is due to the very small energy difference between the two conformers and consequently both the syn- and anti-adducts are yielded in nearly equal amounts.     

基于芘的荧光熄灭的单质碘荧光敏感膜的研究

单质碘熄灭固定于增塑的ＰＶＣ膜中的芘的荧光，且这种熄灭作用可逆。本据此研制了用于测定单质碘浓度的荧光敏感膜，最佳膜组成为２～４ｍｇ芘、５０ｍｇＰＶＣ粉、１００ｍｇ邻苯二甲酸二异辛酯，测定碘的浓度范围为２．２６×１０＾－５～１．０４×１０＾－３ｍｏｌ／Ｌ。此膜测定单质碘的重现性好，响应时间小于４０ｓ。除Ｆｅ＾３＋、Ｂｉ＾３＋外，其它常见离子均无干扰。将此膜用于食盐中碘的测定，结果令人满意。     

Effect of solvent on the cation-sensitive fluorescence of polyanions bearing 4′-acryloylbenzo-18-crown-6 Units

Changes in the fluorescence intensity of polyanions bearing 4-acryloylbenzo-18-crown-6 units on the addition of cations were studied in a mixed solvent of methanol and water at 30°C. The sensitivity of the change in fluorescence intensities of the polymers toward cations was strongly enhanced compared to that of the corresponding model compound. When alkali metal cations were added, the fluorescence intensity of the polymers decreased in the orders Li⁺>Na⁺>Cs⁺>Rb⁺>K⁺ in a methanol-water (19) mixture and Li⁺>Na⁺>Rb⁺>K⁺Cs⁺ in a methanol-water (91) mixture. Alkaline earth metal cations and alkylamine hydrochlorides decreased the fluorescence intensity of the polymers in a methanol-water (19) mixture. The cation-dependent decrease in the fluorescence intensity of the polymers was affected by the water fraction in a mixed solvent of methanol and water.     

14N遥测核四极共振中的偏离共振效应

本文对遥测NQR谱中的偏离共振效应作了较详细地研究,发现¹⁴N谱线的强度随偏离共振效应而变化。当偏离共振强度与射频场强度接近时,测得的谱线强度最大。该效应可用来增强¹⁴N遥测NQR谱仪的灵敏度。上述实验现象在理论上采用脉冲的激发带宽方法作了解释和讨论。     

Quantitative Comparison Between Vacuum-Ultraviolet Irradiation and Remote Hydrogen Plasma Treatment of Hydrocarbon Polymers

The photon flux of vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) and ultraviolet (UV) radiation of a hydrogen plasma with and without a MgF₂window was recorded by fluorescence measurements of sodium salicylate layers. After the compensation of the MgF₂absorption by increasing the input power into the plasma source, a comparison between afterglow hydrogen plasma and VUV treatments was made. Polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), and polystyrene (PS) were treated either with VUV radiation or with remote hydrogen plasma and mass loss and CH absorption loss were measured by a quartz crystal microbalance and by infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy, respectively. In the case of PE the effects of both treatments were found to be very similar white for PP slight differences were observed. For the actual set of experimental conditions, the radiation component is largely responsible for the efficiency of the plasma treatment. VUV and remote hydrogen plasma treatments of PS showed only a negligible loss of mass and CH absorption.     

基于(C—H)~+…X~-氢键作用的阴离子识别与传感的研究进展

对基于(C—H)+…X-氢键类型的阴离子识别以及识别过程所引起的光化学传感和电化学传感的研究进展进行了评述.